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T. Sheridan, A Complete Dictionary of the English Language (1789)

Thomas Sheridan, A Complete Dictionary of the English Language, Both with regard to Sound and Meaning. One Main Object of which is, to Establish a Plain and Permanent Standard of Pronunciation to which is Prefixed A Prosodial Grammar, 2nd ed. (London, 1789). 



This is a copy of the second edition of Thomas Sheridan's A General Dictionary of the English Language first published in 1780. The title of the second edition is slightly modified with 'General' changed to 'Complete'. 

Thomas Sheridan (1719?-1788) was an Irish actor but he left his acting career and moved permanently to England in 1758, where he was active as an educator, giving lectures on 'the art of reading and reciting and grammatical knowledge of the English tongue' (DeRochi and Ennis, 'Introduction' in J. E. DeRochi and D. J. Ennis, eds., Richard Brinsley Sheridan: The Impresario in Political and Cultural Context (Lewisburg, 2013), p. 6).  He published a book based on his lectures in 1762, entitled Lectures on Elocution.


 

As the title of the dictionary shows, the main objective of publishing the above dictionary was to 'establish a plain and permanent standard of pronunciation', and for this purpose, Sheridan adds 'A Prosodial Grammar' and also 'Directions to Foreigners' at the beginning of the dictionary. In Dr Johnson's and earlier dictionaries, the pronunciation of words is not indicated, whereas Sheridan, using phonetic symbols, indicates the pronunciation of all the headwords, which system is inherited by John Walker (1732-1807) in his Pronouncing Dictionary, though he uses a different set of phonetic symbols. 



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